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Printed page xii. PDF page 15.
intended landing runway, which resulted from the crewmembers' lack of awareness of the parallel runway closure due to their ineffective review of NOTAM information before the flight and during the approach briefing. Contributing to the incident were (1) the flightOpen official document at PDF page 15Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017
Printed page 68. PDF page 83.
intended landing runway, which resulted from the crewmembers' lack of awareness of the parallel runway closure due to their ineffective review of notice to airmen (NOTAM) information before the flight and during the approach briefing. Contributing to the incident wereOpen official document at PDF page 83Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017
Printed page xi. PDF page 14.
for a method to more effectively signal a runway closure to pilots when at least one parallel runway remains in use. A runway closure marker with a lighted flashing white "X" appeared at the approach and departure ends of runwayOpen official document at PDF page 14Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017
Printed page 48. PDF page 63.
awareness about the runway 28L closure and the crewmembers' previous experience seeing two parallel runways at SFO led to their expectation to identify two runway surfaces during the approach and resulted in their incorrect identification of taxiway C instead ofOpen official document at PDF page 63Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017
Printed page 64. PDF page 79.
especially critical in situations involving the closure of a runway at an airport with parallel landing and taxiway surfaces (such as SFO). As previously discussed, cockpit mitigations (such as the use of navigational aids to back up a visual approachOpen official document at PDF page 79Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017
Printed page 65. PDF page 80.
concludes that increased conspicuity of runway closure markers, especially those used in parallel runway configurations, could help prevent runway misidentification by flight crews while on approach to an airport. Therefore, the NTSB recommends that the FAA (1) conduct humaOpen official document at PDF page 80Taxiway Overflight, Air Canada Flight 759, Airbus A320-211, C-FKCK, San Francisco, California, July 7, 2017